{"id":1745,"date":"2018-08-10T10:59:09","date_gmt":"2018-08-10T02:59:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/?p=1745"},"modified":"2018-08-10T10:59:09","modified_gmt":"2018-08-10T02:59:09","slug":"%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99systemd-service%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/linux\/1745","title":{"rendered":"\u7f16\u5199systemd service\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span id=\".E4.BB.80.E4.B9.88.E6.98.AF_Systemd_service.EF.BC.9F\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Systemd service\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5 .service \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5355\u5143\uff08unit\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7531 systemd \u63a7\u5236\u6216\u76d1\u89c6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u53f0\u4ee5\u5b88\u62a4\u7cbe\u7075\uff08daemon\uff09\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"t2\"><\/a>\n<span id=\".E7.BC.96.E5.86.99_Systemd_service\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u7f16\u5199 Systemd service<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><a name=\"t3\"><\/a>\n<span id=\".E5.9F.BA.E6.9C.AC.E7.BB.93.E6.9E.84\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Systemd \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u5143\uff08unit\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u670d\u52a1\uff08service\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b89\u88c5\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"t4\"><\/a>\n<span id=\".E5.92.8C_SysV_init_.E8.84.9A.E6.9C.AC.E7.9A.84.E5.B7.AE.E5.BC.82\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u548c SysV init \u811a\u672c\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c*nix \u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5b88\u62a4\u7cbe\u7075\uff09\u90fd\u662f\u7528 SysV \u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u3002SysV \u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u5c31\u662f Bash \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728 \/etc\/init.d \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u53c2\u6570\u5982 start\uff0cstop\uff0crestart \u7b49\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u542f\u52a8\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u53f0\u5b88\u62a4\u7cbe\u7075\uff08daemon\uff09\u3002shell \u811a\u672c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6162\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u4e0d\u5f3a\u3001\u592a\u8be6\u7ec6\u53c8\u5f88\u50b2\u5a07\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4eec\u5f88\u7075\u6d3b\uff08\u6bd5\u7adf\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u5440\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u4e8b\u53ea\u7528\u811a\u672c\u505a\u8fd8\u662f\u663e\u5f97\u592a\u56f0\u96be\u4e86\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5b89\u6392\u5e76\u5217\u6267\u884c\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u76d1\u89c6\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u8be6\u7ec6\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SysV \u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u4f24\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u81c3\u80bf\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\u592a\u591a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u201c\u6807\u51c6\u53c2\u6570\u201d\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u9760\u5404\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5404\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff08\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a skeleton \u9aa8\u67b6\u6765\u7684\uff09\u3002\u800c Systemd \u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728 Systemd service \u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u3001\u4e5f\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97 Systemd \u670d\u52a1\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u660e\u6613\u8bfb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 NetworkManager \u8fd9\u4e00\u91cd\u91cf\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7b97\u4e0a\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e00\u5171\u624d\u6709 19 \u884c\u3002\u800c\u5b83\u76f8\u5e94\u7684 SysV \u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u5934 100 \u884c\u8fde\u6807\u51c6\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u6ca1\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Systemd \u517c\u5bb9 Sysv \u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e45\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a systemd-sysvinit \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u9488\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u60a8\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u7cbe\u7075\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u751f Systemd \u670d\u52a1\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cSystemd \u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u65e0\u7f1d\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528 Systemd \u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f Arch \u4e0b\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u811a\u672c\u62ff\u8fc7\u6765\u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0a\u6e38\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u53d1\u5e03\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u5e03 Systemd \u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7167\u672c\u6559\u5b66\u6765\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e76\u8d21\u732e\u7ed9\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e SysV init \u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u53ef\u89c1<a title=\"openSUSE:Packaging init scripts\" href=\"https:\/\/zh.opensuse.org\/openSUSE:Packaging_init_scripts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">openSUSE:Packaging_init_scripts<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8ffd\u6c42\u7a33\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u52e4\uff08\u4f46\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6b27\u76df\u6c7d\u8f66\u91cc\u7684\u8f66\u8f7d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u662f Systemd\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"t5\"><\/a>\n<span id=\".E7.9C.9F.E6.AD.A3.E5.BC.80.E5.A7.8B.E5.89.8D.E9.9C.80.E8.A6.81.E6.B3.A8.E6.84.8F.E7.9A.84.E9.97.AE.E9.A2.98\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u771f\u6b63\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cSystemd \u7684 service \u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u8de8\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u91cd\u9020\u8f6e\u5b50\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7f16\u5199\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u8ba4\u5b83\u5728\u5404\u5927\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li><a class=\"extiw\" title=\"en:openSUSE:Systemd services\" href=\"http:\/\/en.opensuse.org\/openSUSE:Systemd_services\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u6211\u4eec\u7684 Systemd \u670d\u52a1\u96c6\u5408<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/fedoraproject.org\/wiki\/User:Johannbg\/Features\/SysVtoSystemd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Fedora Systemd \u670d\u52a1\u96c6\u5408<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.archlinux.org\/index.php\/Systemd\/Services\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Arch Linux Systemd \u670d\u52a1\u96c6\u5408<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.gentoo.org\/wiki\/Systemd#Services\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Gentoo Systemd \u670d\u52a1\u96c6\u5408<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/wiki.debian.org\/systemd#Debian_packages_with_native_systemd_support\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Debian \u4e2d\u7684\u5c11\u91cf Systemd \u670d\u52a1<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.ubuntu.com\/systemd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">ubuntu \u4e2d\u7684\u5c11\u91cf Systemd \u670d\u52a1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"t6\"><\/a>\n<span id=\"Systemd_.E8.AF.AD.E6.B3.95\" class=\"mw-headline\">Systemd \u8bed\u6cd5<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Systemd \u8bed\u6cd5\u548c .desktop \u6587\u4ef6\u7684<a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/standards.freedesktop.org\/desktop-entry-spec\/latest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u8bed\u6cd5<\/a>\u6bd4\u8f83\u50cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u7c7b\u4f3c Windows \u4e0b\u7684 .ini \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u8bba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6253\u5305\u8005\u8fd8\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0a\u624b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u683c\u5f0f\u8bf7\u89c1\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u4e09\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>Systemd \u5355\u5143\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee5 \u201c#\u201d \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6ce8\u91ca<\/li>\n    <li>Systemd \u4e0b\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\uff0c1\u3001yes\u3001on\u3001true \u90fd\u662f\u5f00\u542f\uff0c0\u3001no\u3001off\u3001false \u90fd\u662f\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u6ce8\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e Systemd \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>RemainOnExit=yes\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u7684 shell \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ExecStartPre=\/usr\/bin\/test \"x${NETWORKMANAGER}\" = xyes\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 yes \u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u66ff\u6362\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b49\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u5d4c\u5165\u7684 shell \u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>Systemd \u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5355\u4f4d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u79d2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u7528\u6beb\u79d2\uff08ms\uff09\u5206\u949f\uff08m\uff09\u7b49\u8bf7\u663e\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a name=\"t7\"><\/a>\n<span id=\".E4.B8.80.E4.B8.AA.E5.B0.8F.E4.BE.8B.E5.AD.90\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>NetworkManager \u7684 Systemd service\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>[Unit]\nDescription=Network Manager\nAfter=syslog.target\nWants=remote-fs.target network.target\n\n[Service]\nType=dbus\nBusName=org.freedesktop.NetworkManager\nExecStart=\/usr\/sbin\/NetworkManager --no-daemon\nEnvironmentFile=\/etc\/sysconfig\/network\/config\nExecStartPre=\/usr\/bin\/test \"x${NETWORKMANAGER}\" = xyes\n# Suppress stderr to eliminate duplicated messages in syslog. NM calls openlog()\n# with LOG_PERROR when run in foreground. But systemd redirects stderr to\n# syslog by default, which results in logging each message twice.\nStandardError=null\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\nAlso=NetworkManager-wait-online.service\n<\/pre>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u6211\u4eec\u8bba\u575b\uff08<a class=\"external free\" target=\"_blank\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forum.suse.org.cn\uff09\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\">https:\/\/forum.suse.org.cn\uff09\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684<\/a><\/a>\u00a0He.net IPv6 \u5355\u5143\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><a name=\"t8\"><\/a>\n<span id=\".E5.AE.9A.E4.B9.89.E6.8E.A7.E5.88.B6.E5.8D.95.E5.85.83_.5BUnit.5D\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u5143 [Unit]<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5728 Systemd \u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5f15\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d Systemd \u8981\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u3002Systemd \u5355\u5143\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n    <li>\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff08socket\uff09<\/li>\n    <li>\u8bbe\u5907<\/li>\n    <li>\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/li>\n    <li>\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/li>\n    <li>SWAP \u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n    <li>\u5206\u533a<\/li>\n    <li>\u542f\u52a8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08startup target\uff09<\/li>\n    <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n    <li>\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\uff0cSystemd \u628a *nix \u91cc\u90a3\u4e9b\u5206\u6563\u5f00\u53d1\u56e0\u6b64\u5b8f\u89c2\u770b\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u56e2\u6742\u788e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u91cd\u65b0\u7edf\u4e00\u547d\u540d\u4e86\u3002\u5355\u5143\u540d\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u5199\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a .service \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ea\u6709 .service \u540e\u7f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5355\u5143\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709 .target, .path \u7b49\u540e\u7f00\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system \u4e0b\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4f46\u90a3\u79cd\u540e\u7f00\u8981\u4e48\u7531 Systemd \u4e0a\u6e38\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5199\u597d\u968f systemd \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5206\u53d1\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u7531\u6211\u4eec\u7684 Base:system \u56e2\u961f\u6dfb\u52a0\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6237\u662f\u4e0d\u592a\u9700\u8981\u5199\u5176\u5b83\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u5143\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8981\u58f0\u660e\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u5143\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>[Unit]\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5355\u5143\u540d\u79f0\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u5199\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5199\u4e00\u6761\u5355\u5143\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>[Unit]\nDescription=Daemon to start He.net IPv6\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b Systemd \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u5404\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u548c RPM \u7684 specfile \u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff08\u6bd5\u7adf\u90fd\u662f\u7ea2\u5e3d\u4e00\u5bb6\u7684\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>Requires: \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u201c\u9700\u8981\u201d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u542f\u52a8; \u5b83\u201c\u9700\u8981\u201d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u88ab\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u6d3b\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u67d0\u5355\u5143\u4e0e\u5b83\u201c\u9700\u8981\u201d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\uff08\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u63a7\u5236\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u5373 Systemd \u4e0d\u662f\u5148\u542f\u52a8 Requires \u518d\u542f\u52a8\u672c\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u672c\u5355\u5143\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b\u65f6\uff0c\u5e76\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u4e24\u8005\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e89\u5206\u593a\u79d2\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u679c Requires \u5148\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7686\u5927\u6b22\u559c; \u5982\u679c Requires \u542f\u52a8\u5f97\u6162\uff0c\u90a3\u672c\u5355\u5143\u5c31\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff08Systemd \u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8bd5\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u800c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 Wants \u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a Requires\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n    <li>RequiresOverridable\uff1a\u8ddf Requires \u5f88\u50cf\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6761\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u7531\u7528\u6237\u624b\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 RequiresOverridable \u540e\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5373\u4f7f\u542f\u52a8\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u8ddf Requires \u6bd4\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u6709\u7b49\u5f85\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7531\u7528\u6237\u624b\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u800c\u662f\u968f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f9d\u7136\u4f1a\u6709 Requires \u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n    <li>Requisite\uff1a\u5f3a\u52bf\u7248\u672c\u7684 Requires\u3002\u8981\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u90a3\u672c\u5355\u5143\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u7ba1\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b49\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b49\u5f85\u90fd\u7acb\u523b\u5c31\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n    <li>Wants\uff1a\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672c\u5355\u5143\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u201c\u60f3\u8981\u201d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u542f\u52a8\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5bf9\u672c\u5355\u5143\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n    <li>Conflicts\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u4e0e\u5b83\u201c\u51b2\u7a81\u201d\u7684\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u548c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u201c\u6b63\u4ea4\u201d\u7684\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5355\u5143\u88ab\u540c\u65f6\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u542f\u52a8\u4e0d\u4e86\uff08\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u7684 Requires\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u7684 Requires\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f Requires \u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f1a\u88ab\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u8981\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u7684 Requires\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 Conflicts \u522b\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u4f18\u5148\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u88ab Conflicts \u7684\u540e\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u8981\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u5199\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u542f\u52a8\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>OnFailure\uff1a\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672c\u5355\u5143\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u542f\u52a8\u4ec0\u4e48\u5355\u5143\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6298\u8877\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5355\u5143\uff08Ipv6 \u96a7\u9053\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u60f3\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u901a\u7740\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a Systemd \u9ed8\u8ba4\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u53eb\u505a network-online.target\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 target \u5217\u8868\u53ef\u89c1\u00a0<a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.freedesktop.org\/software\/systemd\/man\/systemd.special.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">systemd.special<\/a>\uff0c\u5fc5\u770b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019 Wants \u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u5b83 systemd \u670d\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u6b63\u6b63\u597d\u597d\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>[Unit]\nDescription=Daemon to start He.net IPv6\nWants=network-online.target\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e0b\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u8fde \/ \u76ee\u5f55\u6240\u5728\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u90fd\u6ca1\u6302\u8f7d\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u5e72\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0a\u54ea\u513f\u627e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53bb\u5440\u3002Systemd \u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>Before\/After\uff1a\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1 Before \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5e76\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff08Systemd \u603b\u662f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b 0 \u5e76\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u6240\u6709\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u6765\u4e8c\u6b21\u7b49\u5f85\u6392\u5e8f\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u7b49\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5148\u542f\u52a8\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u5148\u542f\u52a8\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5931\u8d25\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6210\u529f\u624d\u542f\u52a8\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b After \u4ea6\u7136\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u8bf4\u4e0b\u201c\u5173\u673a\u201d\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u4f9d\u7136\u5728\u8dd1\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u5524\u9192\uff09\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u5173\u6389\u7684\uff0cBefore \u662f\u5148\u5173\u81ea\u5df1\uff0cAfter \u662f\u5148\u5173\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3; \u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u8981\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u8981\u5f00\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u7ba1 Before\/After \u5199\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u5173\u95ed\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6bd4\u5982\u670d\u52a1 A Before \u670d\u52a1 B\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u670d\u52a1 B \u662f\u5728\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u670d\u52a1 A \u662f\u5728 restart\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u670d\u52a1 B \u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5728\u670d\u52a1 A \u7684\u524d\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u5566\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5355\u5143\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u524d\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u524d\u9762\u8dd1\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u50cf ifup \u548c dhcp\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u8d77\u4e0d\u6765\u83b7\u53d6 ip \u80af\u5b9a\u6ca1\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6709\u7f51\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u201c\u6709\u7f51\u201d\u5728 Systemd \u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4 target\uff1anetwork.target \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u5143\u5c31\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>[Unit]\nDescription=Daemon to start He.net IPv6\nWants=network-online.target\nAfter=network.target\n<\/pre>\n<h3><a name=\"t9\"><\/a>\n<span id=\".E5.AE.9A.E4.B9.89.E6.9C.8D.E5.8A.A1.E6.9C.AC.E4.BD.93_.5Bservice.5D\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u5b9a\u4e49\u670d\u52a1\u672c\u4f53 [service]<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8c\u4e86 Systemd \u7528\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5355\u5143\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u670d\u52a1\u672c\u4f53\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>[Service]\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u662f\u58f0\u660e\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>[Service]\nType=\n<\/pre>\n<p>Systemd \u652f\u6301\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>simple \u9ed8\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u662f\u9000\u51fa\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u4f11\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u91cc\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u6253\u5f00 Amarok\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u5b83\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u90a3\u4e48\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u72ec\u5360\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56de\u8f66\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u4f60\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u4f46\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bd4\u5982 python xxx.py \u8fd8\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u8981\u54cd\u5e94\u5176\u5b83\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9891\u9053\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u672c\u670d\u52a1\u524d\u5c31\u8bbe\u597d\uff08\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0cSystemd \u8fd0\u884c\u5b83\u540e\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u5c31\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u540e\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5199 After \u4e5f\u6ca1\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a simple \u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4e00\u65e6\u542f\u52a8\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6ca1\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n    <li>forking \u6807\u51c6 Unix Daemon \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 fork() \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u628a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9891\u9053\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u5b88\u62a4\u7cbe\u7075\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u4f60\u8981\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u4e5f\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0b PIDFILE=\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8ba9 Systemd \u53bb\u731c\uff0c\u975e\u8981\u731c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u628a GuessMainPID \u8bbe\u4e3a yes\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5224\u65ad\u662f forking \u8fd8\u662f simple \u7c7b\u578b\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u91cc\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0b\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5360\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8981\u6309 Ctrl + C \u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f forking \u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa PIDFILE \u662f\u4f60\u4e3a\u5b83\u5199\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u4e0d\u662f Systemd \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f Sysvinit \u811a\u672c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u53c2\u8003\u00a0<a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.suse.org.cn\/viewtopic.php?f=27&#038;t=914&#038;sid=363447a3c2490bbc2975b0b890152c33\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">startproc\u521b\u5efapid file\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/a>\u4e86\u89e3\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u786e\u5b9e\u662f forking \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u5b9e\u73b0\u521b\u5efa PIDFILE \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 ExecStartPost= \u7ed3\u5408 shell \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u624b\u52a8\u6293\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7f16\u53f7\u5e76\u5199\u5230 \/var\/run\/xxx.pid\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>oneshot \u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u6253\u4e00\u67aa\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u5c31\u662f\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6ca1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e86\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\uff0cifup eth0 up\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 ifup \u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08forking \u90a3\u6837\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08simple \u90a3\u6837\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4fbf\u4e86\u65e0\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u5c31\u6ca1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u9700\u8981 RemainAfterExit=yes\u3002\u540e\u9762\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u8981 Systemd \u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u518d\u53bb ifup eth0 up\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u518d\u770b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u663e\u793a\u662f running \u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u6267\u884c\u90a3\u6761\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u6210\u529f\u5e76\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4f60\u5173\u95ed\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n    <li>dbus \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u5757 DBus \u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u548c BusName= \u4e00\u8d77\u7528\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5b83\u6210\u529f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86 DBus \u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b83\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u4e5f\u5c31\u80fd\u7528\u5230\u4e0a\u9762\u56db\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5c11\u89c1\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>notify \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7 sd_notify \u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u77e5\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408 NotifyAccess \u6765\u8ba9 Systemd \u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\uff1anone\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6d88\u606f\u90fd\u5ffd\u7565\u6389; main\uff0c\u53ea\u63a5\u53d7\u6211\u4eec\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6d88\u606f; all\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u90fd\u7b97\u3002NotifyAccess \u8981\u662f\u4e0d\u5199\u7684\u8bdd\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f main\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n    <li>idle \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u7b49\u5b83\u91cc\u9762\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5176\u5b83\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u8dd1\u5b8c\u624d\u4f1a\u8dd1\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60 ExecStart \u7684\u662f\u4e2a shell \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u8dd1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u522b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u522b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa\u91cc\u4f1a\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684 Systemd \u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e He.net \u7684 IPv6 \u662f\u7528 iproute2 \u7684 ip \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5f04\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a oneshot \u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>[Service]\nType=oneshot\nRemainAfterExit=yes\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e ExecStart, ExecStop\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u8bbe\u7f6e ExecReload\uff0cRestart \u7b49\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u4eec Reload\/Restart \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6ca1\u6709\u5b83\u4eec Systemd \u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u6bd4\u5982 systemctl restart xxx.service \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u7136\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u90a3\u5c31\u5148 stop \u518d start \u54af\u3002\u540c\u6837\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bd4\u5982 ExecStartPre\/ExecStartPost,RestartSec,TimeoutSec \u7b49\u5176\u5b83\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\u91cc\u90fd\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e0b ExecStart\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u662f oneshot\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u9650\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u5148 ip tunnel create \u518d ip tunnel0 up\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a ip \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u662f oneshot \u7c7b\u578b\u8fd9\u6837\u662f\u4e0d\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n    <li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u591a\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\uff08oneshot \u7c7b\u578b\uff09\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u5206\u53f7\u00a0; \u5206\u9694\uff0c\u8de8\u884c\u53ef\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760 \\\u3002<\/li>\n    <li>\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u662f forking\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f60\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684 [Service] \u5c31\u5199\u597d\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre> [Service]\n Type=oneshot\n RemainAfterExit=yes\n ExecStart=\/usr\/sbin\/ip tunnel add he-ipv6 mode sit remote 66.220.18.42 local 108.170.7.158     ttl 255\u00a0; \\\n           \/usr\/sbin\/ip link set he-ipv6 up\u00a0; \\\n           \/usr\/sbin\/ip addr add 2001:470:c:1184::2\/64 dev he-ipv6\u00a0; \\\n           \/usr\/sbin\/ip route add\u00a0::\/0 dev he-ipv6\u00a0; \\\n           \/usr\/sbin\/ip -6 addr\n ExecStop=\/usr\/sbin\/ip route delete\u00a0::\/0 dev he-ipv6\u00a0; \\\n          \/usr\/sbin\/ip -6 addr del 2001:470:c:1184::2\/64 dev he-ipv6\u00a0; \\\n          \/usr\/sbin\/ip link set he-ipv6 down\u00a0; \\\n          \/usr\/sbin\/ip tunnel del he-ipv6\n<\/pre>\n<h3><a name=\"t10\"><\/a>\n<span id=\".E5.AE.89.E8.A3.85.E6.9C.8D.E5.8A.A1_.5Binstall.5D\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u5b89\u88c5\u670d\u52a1 [install]<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u70b9\u7ed5\uff0c\u6211\u670d\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5f04\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u653e\u5230 \/etc\/systemd\/system\uff08\u4f9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\uff0c\/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\uff08\u4f9b\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6253\u5305\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u4e86\u561b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f60\u653e\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5b83\u663e\u793a\u7684\u662f disabled\uff0cunloaded\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5728 Systemd \u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u5b83\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e0b load\uff0c\u6ca1\u4eba\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u6536\u6e23\u6e23\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u544a\u8bc9 Systemd \u5b83\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u88ab\u8c01\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u88ab<\/p>\n<pre>[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target \n<\/pre>\n<p>\u8981\uff08multi-user.target \u8868\u793a\u591a\u7528\u6237\u7cfb\u7edf\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u767b\u5165\u4e86\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5728 multi-user.target \u542f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e5f\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u542f\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>[Install] \u90e8\u5206\u4e0b\u9664\u4e86 WantedBy \u8fd8\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n    <li>Alias= \u7ed9\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837 systemctl command xxx.service \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8f93\u5165\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5355\u5143\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u7ed9 NetworkManager \u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u53eb Alias=nm\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5 systemctl status nm.service \u67e5\u770b\u5b9e\u9645\u662f NetworkManager.service \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n    <li>Also= \u5b89\u88c5\u672c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u522b\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u7684 He.net \u811a\u672c\u6309\u7406\u5e94\u8be5\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a iproute2.service \u4f5c\u4e3a also\uff0c\u4f46\u662f iproute2 \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 systemd \u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u6ca1\u5199\u3002\u5b83\u548c [Unit] \u5b9a\u4e49\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5b83\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u4e86\u4e4b\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u8c01\u5148\u8c01\u540e\uff0c\u8c01\u4f9d\u8d56\u8c01\uff0c\u548c Also= \u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Systemd service\uff1f \u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5 .service \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5355\u5143\uff08unit\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7531 systemd \u63a7\u5236\u6216\u76d1\u89c6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u53f0\u4ee5\u5b88\u62a4\u7cbe\u7075\uff08daemon\uff09\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1745","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1745","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1745"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1745\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1746,"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1745\/revisions\/1746"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1745"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1745"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nick.txtcc.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1745"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}